Mikrotik RouterBoard 750/ca: Diferència entre les revisions
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Revisió de 13:52, 3 març 2014
NOTA: Es tracta d'un router real de 5 ports, però cal tenir en compte que la configuració per defecte simula un router SOHO típic amb NAT amb dos interfícies WAN i LAN on la LAN és una switch de 4 ports
Contingut
Reset to factory defaults
Reset amb reset button
Cal mantenir apretat amb quelcom amb punta el botó de reset mentrestant connectem la font d'alimentació. Cal mantenir premut el botó fins que el boto activity parpallegi. Això tornar el router a la configuració de fàbrica.
Configuració de fàbrica
Els valors per defecte del dispositiu són:
- IP: 192.168.1.1
- Màscara: 255.255.255.0
- Usuari: admin
- Paraula de pas: sense paraula de pas
Podeu fer IP aliasing per tal de connectar-vos:
$ ifconfig eth0:1 192.168.88.45 up $ ping 192.168.88.1
I connectar-vos al routerOS amb winbox i wine:
$ wine winbox.exe
A la primera connexió o després de fer un:
/system reset-configuration
Us apareixerà el següent missatge:
The following default configuration has been installed on your router: ether1 is renamed ether1-gateway, rest of interfaces are switched IP address 192.168.88.1/24 is on switch DHCP client is on ether1-gateway DHCP server is on switch, with address pool 192.168.88.10-192.168.88.254 masquerade on ether1-gateway You can click on "Show Script" to see the exact commands that are used to add and remove this default configuration.To remove this default configuration click on "Remove Configuration" or click on "OK" to continue. NOTE: If you are connected using the above IP and you remove it, you will be disconnected.
Script per defecte
#| ether1 is renamed ether1-gateway, rest of interfaces are switched
#| IP address 192.168.88.1/24 is on switch
#| DHCP client is on ether1-gateway
#| DHCP server is on switch, with address pool 192.168.88.10-192.168.88.254
#| masquerade on ether1-gateway
:global action
# these commands are executed after installation or configuration reset
:if ($action = "apply") do={
/interface set ether1 name=ether1-gateway
/interface set ether2 name=ether2-local-master
/interface set ether3 name=ether3-local-slave
/interface set ether4 name=ether4-local-slave
/interface set ether5 name=ether5-local-slave
/interface ethernet set ether3-local-slave master-port=ether2-local-master
/interface ethernet set ether4-local-slave master-port=ether2-local-master
/interface ethernet set ether5-local-slave master-port=ether2-local-master
/ip address add address=192.168.88.1/24 interface=ether2-local-master comment="default configuration"
:if ([:len [/system package find name="dhcp" !disabled]] != 0) do={
/ip dhcp-client add interface=ether1-gateway disabled=no comment="default configuration";
/ip pool add name=default-dhcp ranges=192.168.88.10-192.168.88.254;
/ip dhcp-server add name=default address-pool=default-dhcp interface=ether2-local-master disabled=no;
/ip dhcp-server network add address=192.168.88.0/24 gateway=192.168.88.1 dns-server=192.168.88.1 comment="default configuration";
}
/ip firewall {
filter add chain=input action=accept protocol=icmp comment="default configuration"
filter add chain=input action=accept connection-state=established in-interface=ether1-gateway comment="default configuration"
filter add chain=input action=accept connection-state=related in-interface=ether1-gateway comment="default configuration"
filter add chain=input action=drop in-interface=ether1-gateway comment="default configuration"
nat add chain=srcnat out-interface=ether1-gateway action=masquerade comment="default configuration"
}
/ip dns {
set allow-remote-requests=yes
static add name=router address=192.168.88.1
}
/tool mac-server remove [find]
/tool mac-server add interface=ether2-local-master disabled=no
/tool mac-server add interface=ether3-local-slave disabled=no
/tool mac-server add interface=ether4-local-slave disabled=no
/tool mac-server add interface=ether5-local-slave disabled=no
/tool mac-server mac-winbox disable [find]
/tool mac-server mac-winbox add interface=ether2-local-master disabled=no
/tool mac-server mac-winbox add interface=ether3-local-slave disabled=no
/tool mac-server mac-winbox add interface=ether4-local-slave disabled=no
/tool mac-server mac-winbox add interface=ether5-local-slave disabled=no
/ip neighbor discovery set [find name=ether1-gateway] discover=no
}
# these commands are executed if user requests to remove default configuration
:if ($action = "revert") do={
/ip firewall {
:local o [nat find comment="default configuration"]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ nat remove $o }
:local o [filter find comment="default configuration"]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ filter remove $o }
}
:if ([:len [/system package find name="dhcp" !disabled]] != 0) do={
:local o [/ip dhcp-server network find comment="default configuration"]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ /ip dhcp-server network remove $o }
:local o [/ip dhcp-server find name="default" address-pool="default-dhcp" interface=ether2-local-master !disabled]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ /ip dhcp-server remove $o }
/ip pool {
:local o [find name=default-dhcp ranges=192.168.88.10-192.168.88.254]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ remove $o }
}
:local o [/ip dhcp-client find comment="default configuration"]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ /ip dhcp-client remove $o }
}
/ip dns {
set allow-remote-requests=no
:local o [static find name=router address=192.168.88.1]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ static remove $o }
}
/ip address {
:local o [find comment="default configuration"]
:if ([:len $o] != 0) do={ remove $o }
}
/tool mac-server remove [find]
/tool mac-server add interface=all disabled=no
/tool mac-server mac-winbox remove [find interface!=all]
/tool mac-server mac-winbox set [find] disabled=no
/ip neighbor discovery set [find name=ether1-gateway] discover=yes
/interface ethernet set ether3-local-slave master-port=none
/interface ethernet set ether4-local-slave master-port=none
/interface ethernet set ether5-local-slave master-port=none
/interface set ether1-gateway name=ether1
/interface set ether2-local-master name=ether2
/interface set ether3-local-slave name=ether3
/interface set ether4-local-slave name=ether4
/interface set ether5-local-slave name=ether5
}
Convertir la configuració per defecte a un router de 5 ports
A interfaces cliquem a cada interfície i els canviem el nom a:
ether1 ether2 ether3 ether4 ether5
A les interfaces 3,4 i 5 posem none a master-port (així eliminem el switch).
NOTA: La IP per defecte 192.168.88.1 només s'assigna a la ether2! Si elimineu la configuració en mode switch (mirror) a partir d'ara només us podreu connectar al router utilitzant aquesta ip pel port ether2
Configuració pas a pas
Notes:
- Per configurar les adreces de xarxa cal:
- Crear les interfícies amb les seves adreçes IP
- Crear les rutes de xarxa local a routes
NOTA: A diferència d'altres sistemes (per exemple el que fa l'ordre ifconfig en sistemes Linux), al assignar una adreça IP a una interfície, no configura automàticament les routes de xarxa local (vegeu ordre route)
